Schrödinger
Cat: The unusual wonders of nature
The first theme of this blog refers to a
paradox. Nature is wonderful, science is wonderful because it shows us with
logic and reasoning what lurks behind every living being, behind every atom
behind every star, behind every ray of light or behind the sounds accompanying
a melody which delights us. But sometimes, there are facts that do not pass
through the filter of logic, intuition or common sense. And that is surprising
despite being apparently impossible, illogical, bizarre, they are there, there.
Only it needs a new way of seeing the world to understand. You just need to
break new ground by the immense forest of knowledge.
The experiment Schrödinger's cat paradox of Schrödinger or a thought experiment devised in 1935 by the
Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger to expose one of the most counterintuitive
interpretations of quantum mechanics.
Erwin Schrödinger proposed a system consisting of a
closed and opaque housing having a cat inside, a bottle of poison gas and a
device containing a single radioactive particle with a probability of 50% to
disintegrate at any given time so that if the particle decays, the poison is
released and the cat dies.
At the end of the set time, there is a 50% probability
that the device has been activated and the cat is dead, and the same
probability otherwise and the cat is alive. According to the principles of
quantum mechanics, the correct description of the system at that time (its wave
function) will result from the superposition of the "living" states
and "dead" (itself described by its wave function).
However, once the box is opened to check the status of the cat, he will be
alive or dead.
Schrodinger wanted to explain the meaning of the
Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics applied to everyday objects.
Schrödinger proposed the question: When a system finishes exist as a
superposition of states and remains one or the other? It is the collapse of the
system goes even one definitive state when there is interaction with the system
or is observed from the outside. Or else, when the current quantum state ceases
to be a combination of states, each of which is a classic state and begins to
show a unique classic description ?.
According to Schrödinger, the Copenhagen
interpretation implies that the cat "is both alive and dead" until
the state is observed. But he did not want to promote the idea of live-dead cat as a serious possibility, but set an
example to explain the absurdity existing approach of quantum mechanics on that
date.
Therefore, he wrote something that should be noted: "It is typical that the indeterminacy restricted to the atomic domain becomes a macroscopic indeterminacy case, which can be resolved by direct observation."
The most common interpretation is that of Copenhagen.
Lie the box is closed, the system can simultaneously exist in a superposition
of states (a linear combination) "unstable nucleus / dead cat" and
"stable nucleus / living cat" and only when the box is opened, and an
observation is made, collapses the wave function in one of two states. "
Niels Bohr never
admitted that the observer could induce the wave function collapse why
Schrödinger's cat is not a mystery to him. The cat would be alive or dead
before an intelligent observer opened the box: A single measurement (with a
Geiger counter) is sufficient to collapse the system before any measurement
conscious observation. The issue of interpretation has many forms, so we left
for later.
Perhaps the system keeps the two
properties, but with the observation are only able to understand and perceive a
single state. If space has several levels, you would not have human cognitive
ability also several levels, but we use the most basic?
A video to understand the paradox graphically
References
Gato de Schrödinger
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gato_de_Schr%C3%B6dinger
Schrödinger's
cat
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